兩種文體在語言特征上的第二類主要差異體現(xiàn)在語法上，具體包括以下幾個方面：

　　1. 在構(gòu)成比較句型時，很多考生選擇使用了人稱代詞的賓格形式，其實使用人稱代詞的主格形式要顯得更正式些。

　　Informal: He spent more time playing computer games than me。

　　Formal: He spent more time playing computer games than I。

　　2. 在表達(dá)“讓步”概念時，很多考生選擇使用的but, anyway, all the same, though, although等為非正式文體常用詞語表達(dá)。正式文體則常使用yet, however, nevertheless, in spite of (despite)， notwithstanding等詞語，

　　Informal: He tried to overcome his addiction to the Internet, but he failed。

　　Formal: He endeavoured to overcome his addiction to the Internet; however, it turned out to be a failure。

　　3. 在構(gòu)成“方式狀語”時，很多考生偏愛使用副詞，而這正是非正式文體常用的表達(dá)方式，正式文體則常用介詞和與該副詞同根的詞構(gòu)成的介詞短語：

　　Informal: It’s very important to…。

　　Formal: It is of great importance to…。

　　4. 在表達(dá)“原因”、“后果”等概念時，很多考生由于水平所限，總是使用非正式文體常用的so, because或其他形式的表示原因的從句，正式文體則常用 on account of, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently, owing to (the fact that…)等詞或詞組，且比較經(jīng)常地運用分詞短語、獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等。

　　Informal: Since computers had proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet。

　　Formal: Computers having proliferated, many people become addicted to the Internet。

　　5. 在構(gòu)成表示“目的”的狀語時，很多考生使用具有非正式文體色彩的so as to;其實，用in order that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句常出現(xiàn)于正式文體中：

　　Informal: We should do more outdoor activities so as to enrich our life。

　　Formal: We should do more outdoor activities in order that our life gets enriched。

　　6. 很多考生不會使用由引導(dǎo)詞it引導(dǎo)的句子(如it is said that…)，實際上，這一結(jié)構(gòu)多見于正式文體，不用這一結(jié)構(gòu)而表達(dá)同一意義的句子多見于非正式文體： 　　Informal: The number of students in the classroom has been going down。 　　Formal: It has been noted with concern that the number of students attending class has been declining alarmingly。

　　7. 很多考生省略關(guān)系代詞、連詞、介詞，這些情況多見于非正式文體。

　　Informal: He flunked many courses. He had been expelled from the college。 　　Formal: He flunked so many courses that he had been expelled from the college。

　　Informal: He dealt with the problem the way his classmates does。

　　Formal: He dealt with the problem in the way his classmates does。

　　Informal: We should prevent it going from bad to worse。

　　Formal: We should prevent it from going from bad to worse。

　　8. 在表達(dá)“請求某人做某事時”，很多考生選擇使用具有非正式文體色彩的主動語態(tài)句式，而沒有使用具有正式文體色彩的被動語態(tài)句式。

　　Informal: Please communicate more with your friends and family。

　　Formal: More communication with your friends and family is needed。

　　9. 很多考生未能正確使用某些不定代詞、動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，不太注意句子的主謂一致，未能體現(xiàn)文章的正式文體風(fēng)格。

　　Informal: Everybody should look after themselves。

　　Formal: Everybody should look after himself。

　　Informal: Everyone should do their best。

　　Formal: Everyone should do his best。

　　Informal: I’m not surprised at him failing the course。

　　Formal: I am not surprised at his failing the course。

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