第 1 頁(yè):應(yīng)對(duì)策略 |
第 2 頁(yè):結(jié)構(gòu)科學(xué) 內(nèi)容充實(shí) |
第 5 頁(yè):實(shí)戰(zhàn)寫作、應(yīng)用文 |
第 10 頁(yè):補(bǔ)充部分 |
2.3.4 原因分析
四到六句:第一句闡述中心說(shuō)明有多種原因,第二三句列舉原因(并列的原因,注意連接),第四局本段結(jié)論(強(qiáng)調(diào)已列舉的原因及產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果——過(guò)渡作用)。
原因分析段框架示例:
There are a variety of reasons for the phenomenon. For one thing…舉一個(gè)原因。For
Another,…另一個(gè)原因。(as a result,…結(jié)論。)
Why does this phenomenon appear?I think there are several possible reasons for this。
First and formost,…舉一個(gè)原因:furthermore,…另一個(gè)原因:last but not least,…最
后一個(gè)原因。
其他首句還有:
I have three reason for my conclusion//predicition/assumption。
To the best of my knowledge,the following reasons may contribute to this phenomenon。
As far as I am concerned,several reasons can be identified。
其他列舉原因還可用:
The main reson for the phenomenon is that…舉一個(gè)最重要典型的原因:another major reason is due to…另一個(gè)原因(注意用名詞性短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu))
In the first place,…Secondly,…Finally,…
The first reason is…,and the second one is…
Not only because…,but also because…
2.3.5 利弊分析
一定有利有弊
六句:第一句總結(jié)說(shuō)有利有弊(一定不要用Every coin has two sides。俗!):第二三句寫優(yōu)勢(shì)以及拓展推導(dǎo):第四五句寫劣勢(shì)以及拓展推導(dǎo):第六句寫利弊相當(dāng)或利大于弊或弊大于利。
利弊分析段框架示例
We can easily recognize the both sides of the phenomenon.The advantages can be concluded as follows.To begin with,…第一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì):moreover,…第二個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì):However,there are also
drawbacks to the phenomenon.For one thing,…第一個(gè)劣勢(shì):for another,…第二個(gè)劣勢(shì)。
It is not a difficult job to be aware of the attractions and the shortcomings of the phenomenon。
On the one hand,…列舉優(yōu)點(diǎn)。On the other hand,…列舉缺點(diǎn)。
其他可用的過(guò)渡方式:
For all the advantages mentioned above,…討論主題 is by to no means without any limitations,as listed below.For one thing,…劣勢(shì)一,for another,劣勢(shì)二。
For my part,I maintain that the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
In spite of the situation of…討論主題,its weaknesses are insignificant compared with its
Strengths。
2.3.6 舉例說(shuō)明
注意切題(油燈)
六句:第一句說(shuō)明中心與現(xiàn)實(shí)的關(guān)系,即寓意和例子的關(guān)系(過(guò)渡)【中心思想和生活的緊密聯(lián)系】。第二三句一個(gè)例子及其相關(guān)拓展(例子和其后果),第四五句又一個(gè)例子及其相關(guān)擴(kuò)展,第六句給出本段結(jié)論(說(shuō)明已舉例和中心的關(guān)系)【***本段第一句和最后一句要相互呼應(yīng)】
舉例說(shuō)明段框架示例:
As an example of 主題,.。。說(shuō)出事例。另一事例 also provides us with a good illustration.Obviously,…結(jié)論。
It is not hard to find proper examples in our daily life .Firstly,……舉例。Besides, ,……再舉一例。Therefore,the phenomenon has been so common that we have to take actions to shift the situation。(最后一句用于尾段是提建議時(shí))
When it comes to the phenomenon,……一個(gè)例子must be concemed here.It also comes to me that……另一事例。
Take …as an example。
2.3.7判斷評(píng)論
容易操作,說(shuō)出自己的看法。好的現(xiàn)象要發(fā)揚(yáng)光大,不好的現(xiàn)象給出改進(jìn)建議。
三句:第一句給出承上啟下的總結(jié)(中心強(qiáng)調(diào)),第二句自己觀點(diǎn)(注意觀點(diǎn)一定要與前面提到的一致,不要再提出任何新的觀點(diǎn)或看法),第三句強(qiáng)調(diào)自己觀點(diǎn)的合理性(only倒裝句的使用)。
判斷評(píng)論段的首句選擇:
To the best of my undertanding,it is advisable that we take a rational attitude towards this issue。(positive、dialectical)
For my part ,I believe that ……說(shuō)自己看法。
It goes without saying that ……說(shuō)上文結(jié)論。My point of view is that……說(shuō)自己觀點(diǎn)。
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