2010年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試必備語(yǔ)法精要

　　4) 比較狀語(yǔ)從句

　　比較狀語(yǔ)從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：(not) as … as, (not) the same as, (not) such … as, not so … as, than, the + 比較級(jí)…, the +比較級(jí)…等。

　　We have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.

　　She can speak English as fluently as her teacher (can).

　�、� 賓語(yǔ)從句

　　1) 及物動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句

　　有些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句前還可有一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)。

　　I remember that we have learned this word before.

　　I don’t understand what you have said.

　　She asked the teacher how she could learn English well.

　　2) 介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句

　　It depends on whether you want to do it or not

　　There is disagreement among economists about what money is and how money is measured.

　　Note: 在介詞in后面跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，in that可看成是一個(gè)固定的搭配，表示“因?yàn)椤被颉霸凇�方面”�?/P>

　　The evidence is invalid in that it was obtained through illegal means.

　　A turtle differs from all other reptiles in that it has its body encased in a protective shell of its own.

　　其他

　　1.　常考的幾種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1) 當(dāng)表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。

　　Never have I heard it before.

　　Nowhere can I find my lost watch.

　　Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.

　　Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.

　　Note: 當(dāng) “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一…就…”，在時(shí)態(tài)上主句一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，when或than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.

　　No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.

　　2) 當(dāng)here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首，句中主、謂用倒裝。

　　Here is the book for you.

　　There goes the bell.

　　Then came the order to take off.

　　Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.

　　3) 當(dāng) “so/such … that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such 位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。

　　So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.

　　Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.